img

Eleocharis exigua

(Kunth) Roem. & Schult. (1817)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Cyperaceae Genus: Eleocharis

radical fiber optic spikerush, rooted spikerush

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennials, forming mats, stolons slender.

Stems: Culms pale green, soft, spongy, filiform, 3–8 cm tall, ca. 0.3 mm in diameter.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Leaves basal or nearly so, reduced to bladeless sheaths. Margins entire. Sheathing; sheaths pale, membranous, 0.5–2 cm long, fugacious. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in spikelets 5–12–flowered, greenish white, ovoid, 3–4 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, acute; glumes greenish white or occasionally faintly tinged brown, lanceolate–ovate, 1.2–1.5 mm long, acute to subacute, the keel green. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx of 4 bristles, nearly white, very slender, retrorsely spinulose, longer than the achene. Corolla (petals) absent. Ovary superior; styles base depressed-conical, minute; stigmas 3.

Fruit: Achenes yellow; narrowly obovoid; trigonous; 0.6–0.7 mm long; finely cancellate with several rows of horizontally oblong cells. Seeds 1; seed coat thin; free from pericarp; embryo basal; endosperm abundant.

Ploidy: 2n = 56; 58

Habitat: Naturalized in taro paddies; along streams; and in marshes;.

Elevation Range: 20–1,220 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Specimens

img

Bibliography

Name Published In: Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 154 (1817)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1403 (K, O, M [as E. radicans]); Imada et al. 2000:12 (H); POWO 2025 (Syn. E. radicans = E. exigua)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Hamakua District, Waipio Valley, taro farm ca. 2 miles into the valley Small weedy bunching sedge forming thick mats in wetland taro paddy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. Collector Number: 99-30 Hawaii BISH 6/19/1999
2 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. waialua, waialua beach rd.; private lotus farm PRESERVED_SPECIMEN imada, c.t. engilis, a.; dr.duk, mccafferty, t. collector number: 92-33 Maui BISH 4/5/1992
3 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Hamakua District, Waipio Valley, taro farm ca. 2 miles into the valley Small weedy bunching sedge forming thick mats in wetland taro paddy. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. 99-30 Hawaii BISH 6/19/1999
4 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. waimea drainage basin, west side PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 777.k Kauai BISH 7/3/1917
5 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. koolau rannge; head of kawainui gulch Vegetation: Open Metrosideros on cinder-scrub vegetation consisting of Machaerina, Coprosma, Styphelia and Vaccinium. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. fosberg, f.r. collector number: 1908 Hawaii BISH 5/31/1937
6 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. W Maui, Wailuku District, Waikapu Valley In muddy ground along valley bottom in Alien Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Bily, P.; Duvall, F. Collector Number: H50225 Maui BISH 5/27/2002
7 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. East Maui, Hana District, Waiohue, near Puaa Kaa Park, along side of Hana Hwy. In wet ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. Duvall, F. Collector Number: H50214 Maui BISH 5/4/2002
8 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. east maui, hana district, waiohue, near puaa kaa park, along side of hana hwy. banks PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. duvall, f. collector number: h50214 Molokai BISH 5/4/2002
9 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Na Pali Coast, Honopu Valley Growing in water of stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Clarke, G.; Cuddihy, L.W.; Yoshida, L. Collector Number: ESP 371 Kauai BISH 7/17/1979
10 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. w maui, wailuku district, waikapu valley In muddy ground along valley bottom in Alien Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN oppenheimer, h.l. bily, p.; duvall, f. collector number: h50225 Maui BISH 5/27/2002
11 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Koolau Rannge; summit of Kawailoa-Punaluu Trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Neal, M.C. s.n. Oahu BISH 7/3/1938
12 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. na pali coast, honopu valley Growing in water of stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. clarke, g.; cuddihy, l.w.; yoshida, l. collector number: esp 371 Kauai BISH 7/17/1979
13 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. W. Maui, Waikapu Valley. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H50225 Maui PTBG 5/27/2002
14 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. East Maui. Koolau Forest Reserve. Kano Stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H61517 Maui PTBG 6/24/2015
15 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Private lotus farm, Wailua Beach Rd, Waialua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C. T.; Engilis, A.; Duk, T. 92-33 Oahu US 4/5/1992
16 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. hamakua district, waipio valley, taro farm ca. 2 miles into the valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. imada 99-30 Hawaii US 6/19/1999
17 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. ccc trail near summit, kawailoa PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 17497 Hawaii US 7/3/1938
18 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. kawailoa ccc trail, t.h. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 17618 US 7/3/1938
19 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Hamakua District, Waipio Valley, taro farm ca. 2 miles into the valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN C. Imada 99-30 Hawaii US 6/19/1999
20 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. private lotus farm, wailua beach rd, waialua PRESERVED_SPECIMEN c. imada, a. engilis & t. duk 92-33 Oahu US 4/5/1992
21 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Hamakua District, Waipio Valley, taro farm ca. 2 miles into the valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C. 99-30 Hawaii US 6/19/1999
22 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. hamakua district, waipio valley, taro farm ca. 2 miles into the valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN imada, c.t. collector number: 99-30 Maui US 6/19/1999
23 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. koolau mts.; waikane valley, koolaupoko In muddy plantings of Ipomoea aquatica. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN nagata, k.m. collector number: 3789 Oahu BISH 1/16/1988
24 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Puna District; Wao Kele O Puna In pig wallow in Metrosideros forest with understory of Cibotium, Psychotria, Psidium cattleianum and Melastoma. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lamoureux, C.H. 6095 Hawaii BISH 6/9/1990
25 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. puna district; wao kele o puna PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lamoureux, c.h. char, w.p.; murakami, g. collector number: 6095 Oahu BISH 6/9/1990
26 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Na Pali Coast, Honopu Valley Growing in water of stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. ESP 371 Kauai BISH 7/17/1979
27 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Koolau Mts.; Kipapa Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Selling, O. 2619 Oahu BISH 7/3/1938
28 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. East Maui, Hana District, Waiohue, near Puaa Kaa Park, along side of Hana Hwy. In wet ground. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H50214 Maui BISH 5/4/2002
29 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. university of hawaii campus, across from falculty apartments on dole street In taro patch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. collector number: 416 Oahu BISH 4/10/1967
30 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. East Maui, Hana District, Koolau FR, Kano Stream Disturbed intermittent stream. Vegetation: Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Diplopterygium, Cheirodendron, Broussaisia, Clidemia, Tibouchina, Paspalum, Kyllinga, Prunella, Cyperus PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H61517 Maui BISH 6/24/2015
31 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Koolau Rannge; head of Kawainui Gulch Occasional on muddy trail. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 1908 Oahu BISH 5/31/1937
32 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. University of Hawaii Campus, across from Falculty Apartments on Dole Street In taro patch. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 416 Oahu BISH 4/10/1967
33 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Koolau Mts.; Waikane Valley, Koolaupoko In muddy plantings of Ipomoea aquatica. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Nagata, K.M. 3789 Oahu BISH 1/16/1988
34 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. koolau mts.; kipapa gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN selling, o. collector number: 2619 BISH 7/3/1938
35 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. keanae arboretum Taro patches; low small patches among Azolla beds. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1328 Maui BISH 3/26/1982
36 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Waialua, Waialua Beach Rd.; private lotus farm Tiny sedge growing in wet mud on pond banks. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Imada, C.T. 92-33 Oahu BISH 4/5/1992
37 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. East Maui, Makawao District, Koolau Forest Reserve, waikamoi flume Forest below flume, along road margin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 5923 Maui BISH 3/9/1988
38 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Waimea Drainage Basin, West side PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 777.K Kauai BISH 7/3/1917
39 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. Keanae Arboretum Taro patches; low small patches among Azolla beds. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1328 Maui BISH 3/26/1982
40 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. east maui, makawao district, koolau forest reserve, waikamoi flume Forest below flume, along road margin. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. imada, c.; takeuchi, w. collector number: 5923 Maui BISH 3/9/1988
41 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. koolau rannge; summit of kawailoa-punaluu trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN neal, m.c. hartt, c.e. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 7/3/1938
42 Eleocharis exigua (Kunth) Roem. & Schult. W Maui, Wailuku District, Waikapu Valley In muddy ground along valley bottom in Alien Forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H50225 Maui BISH 5/27/2002
Back to Top